Coiba
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How it came to be
Coiba, at 494 square kilometres, is the largest island in Central America. Rising seas cut it off from the mainland 12,000 to 18,000 years ago, and endemic subspecies such as the Coiba Island howler monkey evolved there.
In 1919 a penal colony was built on the island. Locals stayed away, and apart from the prison the island remained undeveloped. The prison closed in 2004, and on 26 July that year the legislature passed Law 44 establishing the national park and its marine protection zone.
The park covers Coiba, 38 smaller islands and the surrounding waters of the Gulf of Chiriquí, home to 760 species of marine fish, 33 of sharks and 20 of whales and dolphins. It was inscribed in 2005.
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