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Gamzigrad
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How it came to be
Gamzigrad, near Zajecar in eastern Serbia, holds the remains of the Late Roman palace known in antiquity as Felix Romuliana. Galerius, one of the emperors of the Tetrarchy, began building it in 298, after a victory over the Sasanian Empire, at the place of his birth. He named it after his mother, Romula.
Inside the fortifications stood a palace, basilicas, temples and baths, and on nearby Magura hill are the mausoleums of Galerius and his mother. A tetrapylon between them separates the palace and walls, the worldly side, from the monuments of their deification. The Huns plundered the complex in the mid-5th century; a small settlement of farmers and craftsmen followed, and the site was abandoned in the early 7th century.
Its size and many towers led early visitors to take it for a Roman military camp. In 1953 Vekoslav Popovic, director of the Zajecar town museum, began systematic excavations that showed it to be an imperial palace, and in 1984 an archivolt inscribed FELIX ROMULIANA was found. Only part of the site has been excavated, and the remains have not been reconstructed. It was inscribed in 2007.
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