Imperial Citadel of Thang Long
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How it came to be
The Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long stands in the heart of Hanoi. In 1010 Emperor Lý Thái Tổ of the Lý dynasty moved his capital here and began building the citadel, on land reclaimed from the Red River delta and over the ruins of a 7th-century Chinese fort.
Later dynasties enlarged it, and it stayed a centre of power for close to thirteen centuries. When the Nguyễn dynasty took power in 1802 the capital moved to Huế, and in 1805 Emperor Gia Long rebuilt the citadel with Vauban-style walls. Under French rule, when Hanoi was capital of Indochina, most of the citadel was torn down, leaving the North Gate, the Flag Tower and a few other structures.
Excavations at 18 Hoàng Diệu Street uncovered layers of remains from the Tang period to the Nguyễn. The citadel was inscribed in 2010.
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