Margravial Opera House
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How it came to be
The Margravial Opera House in Bayreuth was commissioned by Wilhelmine, wife of Margrave Frederick of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, and built between 1745 and 1750. Wilhelmine, a sister of Frederick the Great, had founded a court theatre company in 1737 and composed, acted and directed for it. The house opened for the wedding of the couple's daughter to Duke Charles Eugene of Württemberg.
The sandstone facade was designed by the court architect Joseph Saint-Pierre, and the bell-shaped auditorium of wood and painted canvas by Giuseppe Galli Bibiena of Bologna and his son Carlo. It seats about 500 and stands on its own in a town square rather than inside a palace, anticipating the large public theatres of the 19th century.
After Wilhelmine's death in 1758 performances stopped, and disuse preserved the interior. The 27 m deep stage drew Richard Wagner, who chose Bayreuth for his festival in 1872. The opera house was inscribed in 2012, closed that October for restoration, and reopened on 12 April 2018.
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