Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
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How it came to be
In 1689 Landgrave Carl of Hesse-Kassel began laying out water features along an east-west axis on the hill west of Kassel. From 1701 the Italian architect Giovanni Francesco Guerniero built the Hercules monument and the great cascades.
From reservoirs behind the Hercules statue, water runs through channels and hydro-pneumatic devices down a Baroque water theatre, a grotto, fountains and the 350-metre Grand Cascade. The Grand Fountain, built in 1767, shot water 50 metres high. In the late 18th century Carl's great-grandson Wilhelm I turned the lower park into a landscape garden, where the architect Jussow added follies such as the Löwenburg, an artificial ruined castle.
The Great Waterfall, ordered by Elector Wilhelm II in 1826, was the last major addition. The water axis runs on into the centre of Kassel. The 558.7-hectare park was inscribed in 2013.
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