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Khomani Cultural Landscape
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How it came to be
The ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape lies in the north of South Africa, on the borders with Botswana and Namibia, and coincides with the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. Its large expanse of sand holds evidence of human occupation from the Stone Age to the present, tied to the culture of the formerly nomadic ǂKhomani San. To survive the harsh desert they developed a specific knowledge of plants and a worldview bound to the features of the land.
The Kalahari Gemsbok National Park was established on 31 July 1931, mainly to protect migrating game such as the gemsbok from poaching. With its proclamation, most of the Khomani, as well as the Mier people who lived in the area, were forced to move elsewhere.
In 1999 South Africa and Botswana agreed to manage their adjacent national parks as a single ecological unit, and in October 2002 some 580 square kilometres were set aside for the ǂKhomani San and Mier communities. The landscape entered the Tentative List in 2004 and was inscribed on 8 July 2017, at the 41st session of the World Heritage Committee in Kraków, Poland.
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