Gaya Tumuli
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How it came to be
Gaya was a confederacy of small polities in the Nakdong River basin of the southern Korean Peninsula from the 1st to the mid-6th century CE. It grew out of the Byeonhan states and was known for farming, fishing, trade and above all iron working. Its polities stayed autonomous equals while sharing a culture, including stone-lined burial chambers and Gaya-style pottery.
Geumgwan Gaya was conquered by Silla in 532, and the last holdout, Daegaya, fell in 562. Archaeologists read mounded cemeteries of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries, such as Daeseong-dong in Gimhae, as royal burial grounds. Iron weapons and traded goods placed in the tombs reflect each polity's military power and the reach of its exchanges.
The World Heritage property groups seven cemeteries: Daeseong-dong in Gimhae, Marisan in Haman, Okjeon in Hapcheon, Jisan-dong in Goryeong, Songhak-dong in Goseong, Yugok-ri and Durak-ri in Namwon, and Gyo-dong and Songhyeon-dong in Changnyeong. It entered the Tentative List in 2013 and was inscribed in September 2023 at the 45th session of the World Heritage Committee in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, as Korea's 16th World Heritage site.
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