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Itchan Kala

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How it came to be

Itchan Kala is the walled inner town of the Khiva oasis in western Uzbekistan, south of the Amu Darya. It was the last stop for caravans before they crossed the desert to Persia. Mudbrick walls about 10 metres high enclose a rectangle 650 by 400 metres.

The Juma Mosque was founded in the 10th century and rebuilt in 1788-1789, its roof held up by many wooden columns. The mausoleum of Sayid Allauddin was built in the recovery after the Mongol invasion of 1220, and in the 17th century came buildings such as the Ak Mosque of 1675.

Early in the 19th century Alla-Kulli-Khan built two palaces. Within the walls stand 51 monumental buildings and 250 old houses. It was inscribed in 1990.

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