Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos
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How it came to be
The Greek island of Samos was inhabited from the 5th or 4th millennium BC, and Ionian settlers founded its main town in the 10th century BC. By the 6th century BC Samos was a major naval power, and Pythagoras, Epicurus and Aristarchus came from the island.
In the 6th century BC Eupalinos of Megara had two teams dig a 1,036-metre tunnel through the mountain from both ends to bring water to the town. It is the second known tunnel dug from both ends and the first to do it by geometry. Herodotus wrote that it was driven clean through the base of a hill.
At the sanctuary of Hera, about 6 km from the town, the first temple was built in the 8th century BC. Rhoecus and Theodorus began a great temple around 570 BC, and under Polycrates (about 535-522 BC) work started on an even larger one. The two sites were inscribed in 1992.
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