Amalfi Coast
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How it came to be
The Amalfi Coast is the steep southern shore of the Sorrentine Peninsula on the Gulf of Salerno, taking in 15 municipalities. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic remains have been found at Positano, and settlement became dense from the early Middle Ages.
The town of Amalfi broke free of Byzantine overlordship in 839 and elected its first duke in 958. As a maritime republic it grew rich on Mediterranean trade, and its sea laws were recognised across the Mediterranean until 1570. It fell to the Normans in 1073 and declined after Pisa took it in 1135 and 1137.
A tsunami in 1343 destroyed the port and lower town, and Amalfi never again rose above local importance. Terraced vineyards and orchards climb the slopes, and lemons grown on the terraces go into limoncello. UNESCO listed the coast in 1997.
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