Malbork Castle
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How it came to be
Malbork Castle, on the east bank of the Nogat in northern Poland, is a fortified monastery built by the Teutonic Order in the 13th century. Most historians date the start of building to 1274, and it was named Marienburg after Mary, the Order's patron saint.
When the Grand Master moved his seat here from Venice in 1309, the castle was greatly enlarged. On its completion in 1406 it was the largest brick castle in the world, its outer walls enclosing about 21 hectares. It has three parts, the High Castle, Middle Castle and Outer Bailey, and its Grand Masters' Palace and Great Refectory are counted Gothic masterpieces.
From 1457 it was one of the residences of the Polish kings for more than 300 years. Restoration in the 19th and early 20th centuries used techniques that became standard in conservation. The castle was badly damaged in the Second World War and rebuilt from the earlier restorers' records. It was inscribed in 1997.
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