Desembarco del Granma National Park
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How it came to be
Desembarco del Granma National Park lies at Cabo Cruz, the southwestern tip of Cuba at the western end of the Sierra Maestra. It sits in the active zone between the North American and Caribbean plates, and limestone terraces climb in steps from 180 m below sea level to 360 m above, raised by tectonic uplift and by sea levels that rose and fell with past changes in climate.
They are counted the largest and best-preserved coastal limestone terraces in the world, with giant sinkholes, cliffs, canyons and caves. About 60 percent of its more than 500 plant species are endemic to Cuba, and 12 have been found nowhere but the park. Offshore lies the Cabo Cruz reef.
Caves and plazas hold petroglyphs and artefacts left by Taíno potters. In 1956 the yacht Granma, carrying Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Raúl Castro and their followers from Mexico, landed on this coast and set off the Cuban Revolution. The park, named after the boat, was inscribed in 1999.
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