Historic Fortified Town of Campeche
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How it came to be
Campeche stands on the west coast of the Yucatán Peninsula, on the site of Can Pech, capital of a Maya chiefdom. Francisco de Montejo, granted the right to conquer Yucatán by the Spanish crown, founded Salamanca de Campeche here in 1531, but Maya resistance drove the Spaniards from the peninsula. The town of San Francisco de Campeche was founded anew in 1540.
It grew into a port of Spanish America and was repeatedly raided and sacked by pirates, as in 1633 and 1663. In response the town was ringed with walls and forts between 1686 and 1704.
The historic centre still keeps its outer walls and system of fortifications, and is counted a typical colonial Spanish harbour town. It was inscribed in 1999.
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