Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč
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How it came to be
Trebic is a town in western Moravia, and its first written record, from 1101, notes the founding of a Benedictine monastery there. St Procopius' Basilica was built as part of that monastery in the early 13th century and shows how Western European architecture reached the region. In the first half of the 16th century part of the monastery was turned into a castle, to which the basilica is still joined.
Jews are first recorded in the town in 1338. The Jewish Quarter grew below the basilica's hill along the Jihlava River, on ground limited by political constraints, and it keeps its original street plan, synagogues, schools and a former leather factory. Most houses were built as condominiums, with shops or workshops at street level and homes above; of the 121 original buildings, five have been demolished.
Behind the hill lies the Jewish cemetery, with a 15th-century and a 19th-century part and about 4,000 tombstones. UNESCO inscribed the quarter and basilica in 2003 as evidence of the coexistence of Jewish and Christian communities from the Middle Ages to the Second World War.
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