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Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea
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How it came to be
In the 19th century, coffee plantations stripped the hills above Rio de Janeiro, threatening the capital's water supply and causing floods. In 1861 Emperor Pedro II placed the Tijuca area under state control to restore the forest.
Under Major Manuel Gomes Archer, six enslaved workers did much of the planting of more than 100,000 trees between 1861 and 1887. The forest became a national park in 1961 and part of the Carioca Landscapes World Heritage site in 2012.
Travellers who came here
- 1832-04
He lodged in a cottage at Botafogo, and on 27 April walked to the Botanic Garden, where several acres were planted with tea.
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