Senado Square
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How it came to be
The Historic Centre of Macao is a group of 22 principal buildings and public spaces on the Macao peninsula. The A-Ma Temple, believed to date from the 15th century, honours the goddess of seafarers, and the name Macao is said to come from A-Ma-Gau, "Bay of A-Ma". The Portuguese arrived in 1557, and the port became the place of the earliest and longest-lasting encounter between China and the West.
In 1602–1603 the Jesuits under Father Valignano built the Church of St Paul, thought to follow a design by the Italian Jesuit Carlo Spinola, and its granite façade was finished in 1637–1640. A great fire in 1835 destroyed the church and its college, leaving only the façade. In 1784 the Leal Senado building went up on land bought from a Chinese owner, facing what is now Senado Square.
Guia Lighthouse, completed in 1865, is regarded as the oldest lighthouse on the coast of China. Macao had China's first Western-style theatre, university, hospital, churches and fortresses, and it returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1999. It was inscribed as a World Heritage site in 2005.
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