Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes
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How it came to be
Jeju is a volcanic island 130 km off the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula, and most of it is formed by the shield volcano Hallasan. About 360 parasitic cones, called oreum in the Jeju language, are scattered over its flanks.
The World Heritage property covers three areas totalling about 9,475 ha, with a buffer zone of about 9,371 ha. UNESCO regards the Geomunoreum lava tube system as the finest anywhere; one of its caves, Manjanggul, is about 8.9 km long and holds a colony of at least 30,000 bent-wing bats. Seongsan Ilchulbong, a tuff cone rising out of the sea, was formed about 6,700 years ago by hydrovolcanic eruptions on a shallow seabed and was later joined to the island by sediment.
Finds in Pillemot Cave on Hallasan show that people have lived on the island since the Paleolithic. On 12 October 1966 the Hallasan Natural Reserve was designated Natural Monument No. 182, protecting the mountain above 800 m. The island's volcanic sites were inscribed as a World Heritage site in 2007.
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