Citadel of the Hồ Dynasty
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How it came to be
The Citadel of the Hồ Dynasty in Thanh Hóa province, north-central Vietnam, was built in 1397. Following feng shui principles, it was set on an axis between the Tuong Son and Don Son mountains, on a plain between the Ma and Buoi rivers. It consists of an inner citadel of large limestone blocks, the La Thanh outer wall and the Nam Giao altar.
The citadel was the capital of the Hồ dynasty from 1398 to 1407. The inner citadel is almost square, 870.5 metres north to south and 883.5 metres east to west, with a gate on each side. The south gate is 9.5 metres high and 15.17 metres wide. Apart from the gates, much of it is in ruins.
After the Hồ fell, the place remained a political, economic and cultural centre of north-central Vietnam from the 16th to the 18th century. It was inscribed in 2011 as a record of the flowering of neo-Confucianism in late 14th-century Vietnam.
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