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The Persian Garden
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How it came to be
The design principles of the Persian garden are traced to the time of Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC. The garden at Pasargadae, laid out around 500 BC, can still be traced on the ground. Gardens were divided into four sectors, with water used both for irrigation and for ornament.
They were meant to evoke Eden and the four Zoroastrian elements of sky, earth, water and plants. The English word paradise comes from an Old Persian word for a walled-around place, through Greek and Latin. Babur brought the form to India, and the gardens of the Taj Mahal follow it.
The World Heritage property groups nine gardens in nine provinces of Iran, among them Pasargadae, the Eram Garden in Shiraz, Chehel Sotoun in Isfahan, the Fin Garden in Kashan and the Shazdeh Garden at Mahan. It was inscribed in 2011.
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