Budj Bim
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How it came to be
Budj Bim is a cultural landscape in the traditional Country of the Gunditjmara Aboriginal people in Victoria, south-eastern Australia. It has three components: the Budj Bim volcano, Tae Rak (Lake Condah) with the Kurtonitj wetlands, and the Tyrendarra area to the south. Archaeology shows that Aboriginal people have lived here for at least 32,000 years.
The Gunditjmara creation story is tied to the volcano's eruption, through which the ancestral creator Budj Bim was revealed. The lava flow changed the drainage and created broad wetlands. Using local volcanic rock, the people built channels, weirs, dams and ponds to trap, store and harvest kooyang, the short-finned eel. The system has been in use for at least 6,600 years and is one of the oldest and most extensive aquaculture systems in the world.
Lake Condah was drained in the 1950s, and in 2010 a cultural weir restored its water. In 2007 the Federal Court of Australia recognised the Gunditjmara's native title, and local rangers mentored by Elders now care for the land. The landscape was inscribed in 2019.
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