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Jaipur
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How it came to be
Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Sawai Jai Singh II. He moved his capital from Amber, about 11 km away, where the population was growing and water was running short, and Vidyadhar Bhattacharya guided the design.
The city was laid out on a grid based on the Vastu Shastra building treatise, and its main avenues were designed as bazaars. Most of the city was in place by 1731, enclosed by nine gates. The Jantar Mantar, with 19 astronomical instruments, was built in 1728–34.
In 1876 the city was painted pink to welcome the Prince of Wales, which gave it the name Pink City. Jaipur became the capital of Rajasthan in 1949 and was listed by UNESCO in 2019.
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