Amazonia Theaters
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How it came to be
The Amazonia Theaters are two ensembles in northern Brazil: the Theatro da Paz with the Praça da República in Belém, and the Teatro Amazonas with the Largo de São Sebastião in Manaus. Both belong to the Amazonian 'Golden Age' at the peak of the rubber boom between 1879 and 1912, and they follow French and other European architecture while using decoration that evokes the Amazon.
In Belém, Bishop Macedo Costa, who suggested the theatre's name, laid its foundation stone on 3 March 1869, and the building, planned by the engineer José Tibúrcio Pereira Magalhães, was finished in 1874. It opened on 16 February 1878 with Adolphe d'Ennery's drama The Two Orphans. In Manaus, the state deputy Antonio José Fernandes Júnior proposed a theatre in 1881, and work on a design by a Lisbon engineering and architecture office began in 1884.
The Teatro Amazonas was inaugurated on 31 December 1896 and gave its first performance, Ponchielli's opera La Gioconda, on 7 January 1897. The Italian painter Domenico de Angelis decorated the ceilings of both theatres. The Theatro da Paz was listed as a national historic monument in 1963, and the two ensembles were inscribed as a World Heritage site in 2026.
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