Tipasa
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How it came to be
Tipasa began as a small Punic trading post on the Mediterranean shore. After the Roman conquest, Emperor Claudius made it a military colony for the conquest of the kingdoms of Mauretania, and it later became Colonia Aelia Augusta Tipasensium. The city stood on three small hills above the sea, enclosed by a wall of about 2,300 metres.
Christianity arrived early: an epitaph of 237 or 238 is the oldest Christian epitaph in Roman Africa. Large churches such as the Basilica of St Salsa rose in the 4th century, when the population is put at about 20,000. Around 372 the city withstood an attack by the Berber rebel Firmus, but the Vandals took it around 429, and the Byzantines rebuilt it around 530.
On a hill nearby stands the Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania, said to be the tomb of Juba II and Cleopatra Selene II, built of stone on a square base about 60 metres across. Their remains have not been found there. The site was inscribed in 1982, placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2002 and removed from it in 2006 after conservation work.
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