Agra Fort
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How it came to be
Agra Fort stands in Uttar Pradesh in northern India, close to the Taj Mahal. A brick fort called Badalgarh once occupied the site, and Sikandar Lodi moved the Lodi capital from Delhi to Agra. His son Ibrahim Lodi held the fort until he was killed at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.
The third Mughal emperor, Akbar, began rebuilding it in 1565 and finished in 1573, with around 4,000 workers on site every day. Red sandstone from Dholpur in Rajasthan faces walls that run for 2.5 km. The fifth emperor, Shah Jahan, rebuilt parts of the interior in white marble, adding his private Khas Mahal palace and, around 1632 to 1640, the Musamman Burj.
After his son Aurangzeb seized the throne in 1658, Shah Jahan was held under house arrest in the fort until 1666. Once the capital moved to Delhi the fort declined. The Marathas took it in 1785 and the British East India Company in 1803. It was inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 1983.
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