Historic Centre of Morelia
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How it came to be
Morelia sits on the slopes of a hill in the Guayangareo Valley of west-central Mexico. The valley was settled from the 7th century, and the Purépecha arrived in the 12th. The Spanish entered it in 1525 and 1526, and in 1541 Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza and a group of encomenderos founded the New City of Michoacán. In 1545 Charles V granted it city status under the name Valladolid.
Vasco de Quiroga, based in the rival town of Pátzcuaro, kept political and church power there during his lifetime. After his death in 1565, both had moved to Valladolid by 1580. The cathedral was begun in 1660 and finished in 1744, and work on the aqueduct started in 1657. More than 200 historic buildings in the region's pink stone line streets that still follow the original layout, fitted to the slope of the hill.
The city's schools educated Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos. A conspiracy against Spanish rule was uncovered in 1809, and in 1814 Mariano Matamoros was shot by firing squad on the main square. In 1828 the state of Michoacán renamed the city Morelia in honour of Morelos. It was inscribed in 1991.
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