Borobudur Temple Compounds
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How it came to be
Borobudur is a Buddhist monument built in central Java under the Sailendra dynasty in the late 8th and early 9th centuries. One estimate has work starting around 780 and ending in the 830s. It is made of some 55,000 m³ of andesite.
Circular platforms rise above square terraces whose walls carry about 2,672 relief panels. There were originally 504 Buddha statues, and 72 perforated stupas ring the central stupa at the top. The temples of Mendut and Pawon stand to the east on the same axis.
The royal capital moved to East Java sometime between 928 and 1006, the most likely time the site fell out of use. Raffles, then governing Java, ordered it surveyed in 1814, and the whole complex was uncovered by 1835. Theodoor van Erp restored it in 1907–11, and a UNESCO-backed campaign carried out a major restoration in 1975–82.
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