Historic Monuments Zone of Querétaro
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How it came to be
Querétaro lies in the Bajío region of central Mexico. Before the Spanish arrived the area was home to the Otomi, and in the late 15th century the Aztecs ruled it directly. The Spanish town of Santiago de Querétaro was founded on 25 July 1531 with the Otomi leader Conín, later called Hernando de Tapia, on the Spanish side. Conín settled the indigenous people around Sangremal hill and the Spaniards where the historic centre now stands.
As a result the town keeps the Spaniards' grid of streets side by side with the winding lanes of the indigenous quarters. During its golden age in the 17th and 18th centuries it filled with ornate Baroque churches and mansions. Between 1726 and 1738 Juan Antonio de Urrutia y Arana, at the request of the nuns of Santa Clara, built an aqueduct of 74 arches running 1,280 m.
In 1810 a plot for independence grew out of the gatherings held by Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, wife of the corregidor. When it was discovered she still got a warning to Miguel Hidalgo, who then issued his call to arms. In 1867 Emperor Maximilian was captured at the Siege of Querétaro and executed on the Cerro de las Campanas, and on 5 February 1917 the constitution still in force today was enacted in the city. The historic monuments zone was inscribed in 1996.
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