Dougga
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How it came to be
Dougga stands on a 571 m hilltop in north-western Tunisia, above the fertile valley of the Oued Khalled. A town existed here for more than six centuries before Rome annexed Numidia. Beneath the forum, excavators found a temple to King Masinissa built in 139 BC, the tenth year of King Micipsa's reign. More than 2,000 inscriptions in Libyan, Punic, Greek and Latin helped scholars decipher the Libyan script.
Under Rome, the native population and a community of Roman citizen settlers lived in the same town for about two and a half centuries, each under its own legal status. In AD 205, under Septimius Severus, the two were joined in a single municipality, and under Gallienus the town became a Roman colony. Most of its public buildings, including the Capitol, the theatre and the baths, date from the 2nd and 3rd centuries.
The town declined from the 4th century, and in Byzantine times the area around the forum was turned into a fort. Systematic excavation began in 1901, and the Libyco-Punic mausoleum was rebuilt between 1908 and 1910. The last inhabitants were moved to a new village on the plain, the site became a national archaeological park in 1991, and it was inscribed in 1997.
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