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Monasteries of San Millán de la Cogolla
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How it came to be
San Millán de la Cogolla is a village in La Rioja, northern Spain. In the mid-6th century St Millán, or Aemilianus, founded a monastic community here that other hermits joined. The upper monastery, Suso, keeps the hermits' rock-cut caves and a Romanesque church built in the saint's honour.
A 9th-century Latin codex, the Aemilianensis 60, carries glosses added in the 10th or 11th century, the Glosas Emilianenses. They include words in an early Romance language that became Spanish and two glosses in Basque, and are counted as the first known example of written Spanish. The codex was confiscated in the 19th century and is now in Madrid.
In the 13th century Gonzalo de Berceo, the first Spanish poet known by name, wrote his poems here. The community later moved down the valley to the monastery of Yuso, where monks still live. The two monasteries were inscribed in 1997.
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