Qazan Kremlin
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How it came to be
From the 10th to the 13th century Kazan on the middle Volga was a town of Volga Bulgaria, a trading settlement ringed by moats, ramparts and a stockade. A white-stone fortress was built in the 12th century, and under the Golden Horde and the Kazan Khanate the town grew to become a state capital in the first half of the 15th century.
In 1552 Ivan the Terrible conquered Kazan. He brought in architects from Pskov to rebuild the citadel in stone, and the Annunciation Cathedral went up in 1554-1562. Kazan became the Christian see of the Volga land.
The leaning Söyembikä Tower and the Governor's Palace of 1843-1853 also stand within the walls. The kremlin was inscribed in 2000 as the place where the north-western edge of the spread of Islam meets the southern limit of the Pskov-Novgorod style.
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